Mohammad Afraaz

Orthopedic rehabilitation (ortho rehab) is a specialized branch of physiotherapy focused on recovery and functional improvement after musculoskeletal injuries, surgeries, or chronic orthopedic conditions. It includes comprehensive assessment, planning, and execution of physical therapy interventions to restore movement, strength, and function.

1. Post-Surgical Rehab

• Total Knee Replacement (TKR)

• Total Hip Replacement (THR)

• ACL Reconstruction

• Rotator Cuff Repair

• Spinal surgeries (laminectomy, discectomy)

• ORIF (Open Reduction & Internal Fixation) of fractures

2. Traumatic Injuries

• Ligament sprains (e.g., ankle, knee)

• Muscle or tendon strains

• Joint dislocations

• Fracture recovery (after cast/immobilization)

3. Degenerative Conditions

• Osteoarthritis (knee, hip, spine, shoulder)

• Spondylosis (cervical/lumbar)

• Degenerative disc disease

• Tendinopathies (e.g., tennis elbow, Achilles tendinitis)

4. Postural & Mechanical Pain

• Low back pain

• Neck pain

• Frozen shoulder

• Shoulder impingement

• Myofascial pain syndrome

5. Overuse Injuries

• IT band syndrome

• Plantar fasciitis

• Shin splints

• Patellofemoral pain syndrome

6. Pediatric Ortho Conditions

• Flat feet

• Genu valgum/varum

• Developmental dysplasia of hip (DDH)

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🧠 Additional Techniques in Ortho Rehab:

• Kinesio taping

• Dry needling

• Cupping therapy

• Mulligan or Maitland techniques

• Manual therapy for joint restrictions

Neurological rehabilitation is a specialized form of therapy focused on individuals with disorders of the nervous system — brain, spinal cord, or peripheral nerves. The goal is to restore functional independence, improve quality of life, and help the patient adapt to residual deficits.

1. Stroke (CVA)

• Hemiplegia or hemiparesis

• Aphasia, dysphagia, neglect

2. Spinal Cord Injury (SCI)

• Quadriplegia, paraplegia

• Bladder, bowel, pressure sore management

3. Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)

• Cognitive dysfunction

• Mobility and coordination deficits

4. Parkinson’s Disease

• Rigidity, bradykinesia, postural instability

• Gait training and cueing strategies

5. Multiple Sclerosis (MS)

• Fatigue, coordination loss, spasticity

6. Cerebral Palsy (CP)

• Pediatric rehab: tone, postural control, ADL training

7. Peripheral Nerve Injuries

• Bell’s palsy, foot drop, brachial plexus injury

8. Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)

• Rapid onset weakness, rehab for gradual recovery

9. Motor Neuron Disease (MND/ALS)

• Progressive management, mobility aids, breathing support

10. Ataxia / Cerebellar Disorders

• Coordination training, balance exercises

11. Neuropathy / Myopathy

• Diabetic neuropathy, muscular dystrophies

Sports Rehabilitation focuses on preventing, diagnosing, treating, and managing injuries related to sports or physical activity. The goal is quick and safe return to sport, prevention of re-injury, and optimizing athletic performance.

Muscle & Tendon Injuries

• Hamstring strain

• Quadriceps strain

• Calf tear

• Tendinopathies (Achilles, patellar, rotator cuff)

Ligament Injuries

• ACL, PCL, MCL, LCL tears (knee)

• Ankle sprains (ATFL, CFL)

• Shoulder dislocations (labral tears)

Joint Injuries

• Meniscus tear

• Shoulder impingement syndrome

• Tennis elbow / Golfer’s elbow

Overuse Injuries

• IT Band Syndrome

• Shin splints (medial tibial stress syndrome)

• Plantar fasciitis

• Stress fractures

Post-Surgical Sports Rehab

• ACL reconstruction

• Meniscectomy or meniscus repair

• Shoulder labrum/rotator cuff repair

Others

• Concussions (in coordination with medical team)

• Groin strain / Sports hernia

• Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (PFPS)

• Jumper’s knee / Runner’s knee

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🛠️ Special Techniques Used in Sports Rehab:

• Kinesio taping / Rigid taping

• Dry needling

• Cupping therapy

• Myofascial release

• Blood Flow Restriction (BFR) training

• Isokinetic testing

• Biomechanical gait & running analysis

• Sports massage

• Recovery modalities (cryotherapy, compression boots)